Which focus can protect clients from confronting the reality of their unsatisfying present relationships?

The focus that can protect clients from confronting the reality of their unsatisfying present relationships is the past. When individuals concentrate on past experiences, they may become preoccupied with memories, regrets, or unresolved issues that prevent them from addressing their current circumstances. This retrospective focus can create a narrative that justifies avoiding the necessary work to change or improve present relationships. Instead of dealing with the challenges and realities of their current situation, clients can find solace or distraction in the familiarity of their past, which does not require immediate action or change.

In contrast, focusing on the future may encourage planning or setting aspirations to improve one's situation, while focusing on goals directs attention to actionable steps that can be taken to create fulfilling relationships. A focus on symptoms might highlight issues affecting the relationships, but it does not offer a constructive pathway for change. Therefore, a focus on the past stands out as a way to avoid confronting the realities that need to be faced in the present.