What is the theoretical basis for reality therapy?

The theoretical basis for reality therapy is grounded in choice theory. Choice theory, developed by William Glasser, posits that human behavior is driven by the fundamental need to fulfill five basic needs: survival, love and belonging, power, freedom, and fun. Reality therapy applies this framework by helping individuals understand their choices and how these choices affect their lives and relationships.

In the context of reality therapy, the focus is on personal responsibility, emphasizing that clients have the power to make choices that can lead to more fulfilling lives. The therapist assists clients in recognizing their needs and how their current behaviors align or misalign with achieving those needs. This approach fosters a collaborative environment where clients learn to accept responsibility for their decisions and engage in problem-solving.

While behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic theories contribute significantly to therapeutic practices, they do not encompass the comprehensive framework provided by choice theory that specifically underpins reality therapy. Thus, choice theory is uniquely positioned as the foundational element of reality therapy.